What is the value of the blast?

Conversely, a high E-value suggests that similar alignments could arise frequently by chance alone, reducing the confidence in the biological significance of the match.

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BLAST's E-value is a crucial parameter that quantifies the statistical significance of a sequence alignment. It represents the anticipated frequency of observing high-scoring segment pairs (HSPs) that score at least as well as the observed alignment, given that both the query and the database sequences are randomly produced.

This metric assumes an underlying model where the sequences are generated through an independent and identically distributed (iid) process, ensuring that each nucleotide or amino acid has an equal chance of occurrence, independent of its position or the surrounding sequence.

The E-value serves as a threshold for evaluating the reliability of an alignment. A low E-value indicates a rare occurrence, suggesting that the observed alignment is unlikely to have arisen by chance and may represent a biologically relevant match.