How do you check if an address is a contract in Ethereum?

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Ethereum addresses can be categorized into two distinct types: Externally Owned Accounts (EOAs) and contracts. These two entities differ in their fundamental properties and functionalities within the Ethereum blockchain.

One key difference lies in their code size. When an address represents a contract, its code size is inherently greater than zero. This is because contracts are programmed with bytecode, which specifies their behavior and functionality. In contrast, EOAs do not possess any bytecode associated with them.

To determine whether an Ethereum address belongs to a contract or an EOA, the isContract function is employed. This function takes an Ethereum address as its sole argument and performs a check to ascertain the nature of the address.

Upon executing the isContract function, it returns a boolean value based on its findings. If the address is identified as a contract, the function returns true. Conversely, if the address is determined to be an EOA, the function returns false.