What is a bitonic subsequence?

The significance of bitonic subsequences lies in their potential applications within various fields, including computer science and algorithm design. By identifying bitonic subsequences within larger sequences, efficient algorithms can be developed to solve complex problems, such as finding the longest bitonic subsequence in a given array.

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The concept of a bitonic subsequence is one that exhibits a unique property within sequences. It refers to a subsequence that initially follows an ascending order before transitioning into a descending order. This definition encapsulates a wide range of possibilities within sequences, allowing for flexibility in its application.

A key aspect of a bitonic subsequence is that it can be considered a special case of a more general sequence. Specifically, any sequence that is strictly ascending or strictly descending can be viewed as a bitonic subsequence, with either the increasing or decreasing part being empty, respectively.