How does bubble sort work?

Bubble sort, a fundamental sorting algorithm, operates by means of comparisons to arrange elements in an array in a specific order. Its simplistic approach makes it an ideal teaching tool for understanding basic sorting principles.

Despite its simplicity, bubble sort is notoriously inefficient for large datasets due to its average and worst-case time complexities of O(n^2), where n is the number of elements in the array. This means that as the size of the array grows, the time required to sort it increases exponentially.

The core mechanism of bubble sort involves iteratively comparing adjacent elements in the array. During each iteration, if the left element is found to be greater than its right neighbor, the two elements are swapped.

However, for small datasets or when simplicity and readability outweigh performance considerations, bubble sort can still be a viable option. It is often employed as a teaching tool in introductory computer science courses to illustrate the basics of sorting algorithms.

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