What does 30 mins of cycling do?

I'm curious to know, what exactly does engaging in 30 minutes of cycling accomplish for one's health and fitness? Does it provide a significant cardiovascular workout? Does it aid in weight loss or muscle toning? How does it compare to other forms of exercise in terms of its benefits and potential drawbacks? I'm eager to understand the science behind this popular mode of physical activity and its role in a well-rounded fitness routine.