Can police track IP VPN?

Can police actually track IP addresses that are being routed through a Virtual Private Network (VPN)? The use of VPNs has become increasingly popular among internet users who value their privacy and security, as they provide an encrypted tunnel for data transmission. However, law enforcement agencies often need to trace online activities for various reasons, such as investigating cybercrimes. So, is it possible for police to bypass the anonymity offered by VPNs and uncover the real IP addresses of individuals behind them? And if so, what methods and technologies do they employ to achieve this?