Who loses money when you dispute a charge?

When it comes to disputing a charge on a cryptocurrency transaction or any financial transaction, who ends up losing money? Is it the merchant who provided the service or product? Or is it the customer who made the purchase? How does the dispute process work, and what are the potential consequences for both parties involved? Additionally, how does the cryptocurrency ecosystem handle disputes differently compared to traditional financial systems? Understanding these aspects can help you make informed decisions and protect your finances.