Who is an Apple authorized reseller?

Could you clarify for me, who exactly is considered an Apple authorized reseller? Are they simply retailers who sell Apple products, or do they have to meet specific criteria or qualifications to earn this status? I'm interested in understanding the process and what sets an authorized reseller apart from other retailers selling Apple products. Is there a benefit for consumers to purchasing from an authorized reseller over a non-authorized one? I'm looking for a comprehensive explanation of what it means to be an Apple authorized reseller.