What is the fuse current rating?

Could you please elaborate on the concept of fuse current rating? I'm interested in understanding how it affects the safety and functionality of electrical circuits. Specifically, what is the significance of knowing the fuse current rating, and how does it differ from other electrical specifications such as voltage and amperage? Additionally, what are the consequences of selecting a fuse with an inappropriate current rating, and how can one accurately determine the appropriate rating for a given application?