What are packing charges?

Excuse me, could you kindly elaborate on what packing charges entail? Are they the fees associated with the process of wrapping and securing goods for transportation, or do they encompass additional services like insurance and handling? Is it customary for these charges to be included in the overall cost of purchasing an item, or are they billed separately? Furthermore, are there any industry standards or regulations that govern how these charges are calculated and disclosed to consumers?