What are the advantages of a gearbox?

Could you elaborate on the benefits of utilizing a gearbox in various applications? Are there specific advantages that make it a preferred choice over other transmission systems? For instance, does it offer improved efficiency, torque multiplication, or the ability to manage power delivery more effectively? Additionally, how does the use of a gearbox contribute to reducing wear and tear on engines and other components, and does it play a role in enhancing overall performance and durability?