What is a NASDAQ Stock Exchange?

Could you please elaborate on the NASDAQ Stock Exchange? Specifically, I'm interested in understanding its role in the financial markets, its history, and how it differs from other major stock exchanges. I've heard it's known for its technology-focused listings, but I'd like to gain a deeper understanding of its operations, market capitalization, and its influence on the global economy. Additionally, I'm curious about the listing requirements for companies to be included on the NASDAQ and how it facilitates trading for investors.