How does Swarm AI work?

Could you elaborate on the workings of Swarm AI? I'm particularly interested in understanding how it leverages the collective intelligence of multiple agents to solve complex problems. Does it rely on a specific algorithm or framework? How does it ensure that the contributions of each agent are effectively integrated? Additionally, what are some of the key challenges in implementing Swarm AI, and how are they addressed? I'd appreciate a detailed description that covers these aspects.