How to improve bone density?

As a healthcare enthusiast, I'm curious to know the most effective strategies for improving bone density. With the increasing concern for bone health, especially among the elderly and those with risk factors for osteoporosis, I'm interested in understanding the role of diet, exercise, and any potential supplements or medications that can help strengthen bones. Could you elaborate on the importance of calcium and vitamin D intake, as well as the benefits of weight-bearing and resistance exercises? Additionally, are there any natural remedies or specific nutrients that have been shown to have a positive impact on bone density? Understanding these factors could help individuals take proactive steps to maintain healthy bones.