Who are the potential ETH killers?

In the ever-evolving landscape of cryptocurrencies, one question that often arises is: "Who are the potential ETH killers?" The term 'ETH killer' refers to alternative blockchain projects that aim to outperform Ethereum (ETH) in key areas such as scalability, transaction speed, cost efficiency, and decentralization. As Ethereum continues to dominate the smart contract and decentralized application (DApp) space, numerous challengers have emerged, each with its unique selling points. These potential ETH killers range from layer-two scaling solutions like Polygon and Arbitrum, to entirely new blockchain protocols such as Solana, Cardano, and Polkadot. Each of these projects aims to address the scalability and congestion issues that Ethereum currently faces, offering solutions that could potentially disrupt the market leader's dominance.