How to get temporary residency in Spain?

Could you please enlighten me on the process of obtaining temporary residency in Spain? I'm particularly interested in the necessary steps and requirements involved. Would it be possible to outline the general procedure, including any visas or permits that might be required? Additionally, I'd like to know if there are any specific conditions or qualifications that need to be met. Also, could you provide any insights on the duration of the residency and if there are any renewal processes involved? Thank you for your assistance in this matter.