Why is Japan not rich in natural resources?

Why does Japan, despite being a highly developed and prosperous nation, lack abundant natural resources? Could it be due to its geographical location, being situated on a chain of islands with limited landmass? Or is it perhaps a result of geological factors, with the country's terrain not conducive to the formation of significant mineral deposits? Alternatively, could historical events have played a role, such as wars or colonialism that may have depleted or restricted access to natural resources? It's intriguing to consider how a country with such technological advancements and economic strength manages to thrive despite its apparent limitations in this area.