What are the four common types of derivatives?

Could you please elaborate on the four prevalent categories of derivatives that exist in the financial markets? I'm particularly interested in understanding the differences between them, as well as their respective applications and risks involved. Could you also explain how these derivatives are traded and what are the primary factors that influence their prices? Finally, do you have any insights on the current trends or future prospects of these four types of derivatives in the market? Thank you in advance for your detailed response.