What are the 4 derivatives?

Could you please elaborate on the four derivatives? I'm interested in understanding the specifics of each one. Could you provide a brief description of each derivative, and perhaps explain their significance in the field of finance and investing? I'm also curious to know about their risks and potential benefits. Would you be able to discuss these aspects as well? I'm looking for a comprehensive yet concise overview of the four derivatives, and I appreciate your assistance in this matter.