Is core decentralized?

Could you please clarify for me whether the core of this cryptocurrency is indeed decentralized? I'm trying to understand the architecture and distribution of its fundamental components. Does it rely on a central authority or is the decision-making process distributed among various nodes? Furthermore, how does this decentralization affect its security and scalability? I'm particularly interested in knowing if this decentralization ensures anonymity and prevents single points of failure. Could you elaborate on these points?