How does an ATOM work?

I'm curious about how an ATOM actually functions. Could you please explain its workings in simple terms? I've heard about its role in the Cosmos blockchain ecosystem, but I'd like a deeper understanding of its mechanics. Is it similar to other cryptocurrencies in terms of transaction processing? Or does it have unique features that set it apart? Also, how does it contribute to the overall decentralization and scalability of the Cosmos network? I'm eager to learn more about this intriguing digital asset.