Who is the most successful scammer of all time?

I'm curious to know, who is considered the most successful scammer of all time? I'm interested in understanding who has pulled off the most impressive or largest scale fraud throughout history. Was it someone from the world of cryptocurrencies, or perhaps someone from the more traditional financial sector? Did they use complex financial instruments, or did they rely on simple but effective lies and manipulations? What strategies did they employ to deceive so many people for such a long time? And how did they ultimately get caught, if they did?